<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cndcgs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2538-8959</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2669-2023</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>LKA</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">65_VRAB_ZEZULA</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47459/cndcgs.2026.65</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Operational Verification of Mechanized Battalion Capabilities in Defensive Operations through Constructive Simulation</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vrab</surname>
            <given-names>Vladimir</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:vladimir.vrab@unob.cz">vladimir.vrab@unob.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_000"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_000">Department of Tactics, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Zezula</surname>
            <given-names>Jan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_001"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_001">Department of Tactics, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>2026</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>566</fpage>
      <lpage>572</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>09</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>This paper verifies mechanized battalion defensive capabilities using constructive simulation. The methodology employs the MASA SWORD environment with Monte Carlo replications, randomized A/B testing of Courses of Action, and standardized metrics (MoE, MoP, MoFP, MoS). The results show that ISR quality and C2 latency are decisive for defensive effectiveness, while obstacle system design and logistical throughput significantly influence enemy tempo and operational endurance. The findings support capability assessment, operational planning, and training design. The paper’s value lies in a reproducible, metrics-based framework for battalion-level capability verification.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>analytic indicators</kwd>
        <kwd>capabilities</kwd>
        <kwd>constructive simulation</kwd>
        <kwd>defensive operation</kwd>
        <kwd>MASA SWORD</kwd>
        <kwd>mechanized battalion</kwd>
        <kwd>scenario</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
