<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cndcgs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2538-8959</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2669-2023</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>LKA</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">98_HANAKOVA</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47459/cndcgs.2026.98</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Military Training Areas as Proxy Sites for Post-Conflict Remediation of Heavy Metals</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>HANÁKOVÁ</surname>
            <given-names>Natálie</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:natalie.hanakova@unob.cz">natalie.hanakova@unob.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_000"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_000">Research, Expert and Technology Centre, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>VINTER</surname>
            <given-names>Štěpán</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_001"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_001">Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>BALUSOVÁ</surname>
            <given-names>Lenka</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_002"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_002">Department of Engineer Support, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>ROLENEC</surname>
            <given-names>Ota</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_003"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_003">Department of Engineer Support, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>2026</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>862</fpage>
      <lpage>865</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>This study evaluates heavy-metal contamination in soils affected by military activities using training areas as proxies for conflict zones. Soil samples from a shooting range and a grenade range were analyzed using XRF and FAAS after mineralization. High concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Pb were detected, with extreme Pb levels at the shooting range exceeding preventive values. The results support the use of military training sites for developing remediation strategies applicable to war-affected regions. The study provides a relevant proxy-based approach to assess contamination under restricted field conditions and highlights contamination specificity linked to military activities.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>copper</kwd>
        <kwd>lead</kwd>
        <kwd>military contamination</kwd>
        <kwd>nickel</kwd>
        <kwd>soil remediation</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
