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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cndcgs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2538-8959</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2669-2023</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>LKA</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">128_RIHOVA</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47459/cndcgs.2026.128</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Comparison of Distance and Face-To-Face Learning of Science and Humanities Subjects from the Perspective of Military University Students</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>ŘÍHOVÁ</surname>
            <given-names>Dana</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:dana.rihova@unob.cz">dana.rihova@unob.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_000"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_000">Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>SEDLAČÍK</surname>
            <given-names>Marek</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_001"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_001">Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>HASILOVÁ</surname>
            <given-names>Kamila</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_002"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_002">Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>2026</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>1094</fpage>
      <lpage>1103</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>This article examines the assessment of teaching of selected science and humanities undergraduate courses, some of which were taught remotely and others in person. In a questionnaire survey students compared face-to-face and distance learning of the subjects. The data were statistically processed using descriptive statistics, Mantel-Haenszel test of linear association, Pearson chi-square goodness-of-fit test, and finally cluster analysis. According to the opinion of most students, distance learning was comparable to face-to-face learning. When the respondents were divided into clusters, two comparable groups emerged—one preferring face-to-face learning, the other preferring distance learning. Humanities subjects showed to be less time-consuming and yielding better final grades for the students.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>military education</kwd>
        <kwd>distance teaching</kwd>
        <kwd>hybrid teaching</kwd>
        <kwd>humanities and science subjects</kwd>
        <kwd>questionnaire surveys</kwd>
        <kwd>cluster analysis</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
