The special role of grain in the composition of commercial products of the agro-industrial complex is determined by its strategic importance as a main food product and a very important, and for certain branches of animal husbandry, a crucial component of feed. On the other hand, Kazakhstan has become a major grain producer due to its natural and other features. In the conditions of economic transformation, the preservation of grain production and ensuring the rational use of its development potential is largely determined by the state of market functioning. In the formation and development of the grain market, inter-industry economic relations are of paramount importance. The new situation of Kazakhstan’s participation in the world grain market, which requires scientific generalization, is connected with the formation of sovereign States and the transformation of trade between them from interregional to interstate.