Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

During consideration of the organizational ecosystem’s effectiveness, a company shall consider the interests of a wide range of stakeholders. This includes the integration of the variety of organizational events in which any stakeholder is involved. Using this approach, the effectiveness of the organization can be measured in terms of satisfaction expressed by each of the stakeholders, where the role of the society as a stakeholder is recognized with increased attention to the customer relations. The current Consumer Relationship Marketing is an important marketing concept to retain and develop the customer loyalty. The customer-focused approach is one of the important tools for managing these relationships aimed at obtaining sustainable long-term profits. More recently in scientific and practical activities, we face examples and concepts such as customer-focused marketing; customer-focused information system; customer-focused strategy; structure; business; management system, etc. Therefore, it is always an important factor in research. Over many years of customer-focused research, the language and understanding between business researchers have been established; and knowledge has been structured. But despite the empirical evidence of structure, we reluctantly hear and acknowledge the metaphor of customer-focus. The aim of this study is to propose alternative aspects of customer-focus from existing research. Therefore, our research suggests to study the influential factors that enterprises experience in the context of a customer-focused strategy using the methodology of a systematic background paper review. In order to develop this document, the following databases were used – ResearchGate, Emerald, Publons, Sciencedirec. The topics defined to consider the customer-focus were selected as antecedents of satisfaction; customer loyalty; factors of total quality management and their dependence on specific marketing aspects. Thus, the research question was formulated as follows - What factors have influenced the adoption of a customer- focused strategy?

The subject of the study is economic relations between USA and China. The aim of the study is to characterize the dynamics of the world-system status of China in the XX-XXI centuries and the economic characteristics of its mode of production at present. The main idea of the article is to substantiate the untenability of considering the real state of the economic system of China as “socialism with Chinese characteristics”. Currently, China is integrated into the world-system according to the Beijing Consensus model. The model of China is a specific Asian capitalism, in which a special mode of capital accumulation is formed - with a higher role of the state in the process of capital accumulation than in the fourth cycle of capitalist accumulation. Its world-system status can be characterized as a strong semi-periphery, which entered the competition for hegemony in the next system cycle of capitalist accumulation. If the motion path leads China to the goal, it will be for the first time a specific non-Western hegemony. This research result allows determining the prospects for changing relations in the world economy as a result of the completion of the fourth system cycle of capitalist accumulation.

Present world has no clear balance between economic and political forces. Conflict initiators use all possible sanctions and unconventional means and ways and have no clear and permanent structure and allies. Traditional leadership and actions in conflict zones are not effective. Complex dynamic systems (CDS) paradigm allows understanding better the essence of chaotic processes in conflict zones and acting efficiently.

There is neither one obvious power acting on the world, nor obvious balance of power and long-term peace and stability. The paradigm of complex dynamic systems would allow understanding more clearly the real order of the world that cannot explain the dominating old mechanical paradigm. Complex dynamic systems have characteristic features and act in many fields where leadership becomes inefficient when following mechanical paradigm.