Primarily, purpose of the current research was to examine the influence of Human resource factors like job security, job autonomy and promotional practices on employee motivation and job satisfaction among employees of petroleum firms in Indonesia. Moreover, the research has also surveyed the mediating aspect of employee motivation among mentioned HR factors and job satisfaction. For data collection, the survey methodology was chosen for the present study. The researcher used convenience sampling for collecting data from employees of petroleum organizations. The response rate of the present study was 73%. For analysis, PLS-SEM tool was used by the researcher. Findings of the study revealed that all these HR factors, job security, job autonomy and promotional practices are significant predictors of employee motivation and employee job satisfaction. Moreover, employee motivation mediates significantly among job security, job autonomy, promotional practices, and job satisfaction. The present study fills the gap of limited studies regarding the application of HR factors to enhance motivation and job satisfaction of the petroleum sector employee. Findings of current research are beneficial for the policymakers, petroleum sector and academicians of HR discipline.