Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

Integration of the foreign trade sector of the national economy at the practical level is a reform of the bilateral trade regime through the liberalization of customs-tariff and non-tariff regulation, unification of the conditions for the international movement of production factors (investments, labor), and internal regulations that have an indirect impact on the development of foreign trade relations in order to eliminate economic barriers and the creation of a single market space between the parties to the integration association. Customs regulation of the foreign trade sector plays a key role in the national security system. At the present stage, this type of integration takes the form of concluding bilateral agreements on a deep and comprehensive free trade zone, which apply, inter alia, to environmental standards, government procurement, trade aspects of intellectual property rights, and the like. Based on the analysis, it is proved that the general structure of export supplies from Ukraine to the EU continues to be of a raw material nature: 52.8% of their value are agricultural raw materials, mineral resources, and primary processing products. The most adequate expansion of a deep and comprehensive free trade zone for modern realities is the vision of the role of the state as a systemic regulator, which, on the one hand, does not resort to the policy of isolationism, and on the other hand, acts as an active participant in the processes of international economic integration and entry into the most developed markets of the countries of the world, helping to increase the level of competitiveness of the foreign trade sector of the national economy.

The article defines the role of customs regulation for ensuring the economic security of the country. The importance of a balanced customs policy in relation to international trade relations and equal development of world countries is characterized. The role of customs regulation in ensuring economic security of developed and developing countries is outlined. The analysis of differences between WTO member countries in the levels of tariff protection is conducted. The cognitive map of influence of external and internal environment on efficiency of customs regulation of a separate country is created, and the factors of influence on efficiency and quality of customs regulation in the country are defined. The algorithm of the actions of customs authorities to define the effectiveness of activities in the direction of the transformation of property rights in ensuring the economic security of the country is developed. The box model for considering customs interests in carrying out an assessment of efficiency of activity of customs authorities when ensuring economic security of the country is created. It is proven that the priorities of the transformation of the process of assessing the effectiveness of customs authorities should be to increase the transparency of the system, the public nature of the formation of information on the results of assessing the effectiveness and the development of a mechanism for ensuring economic security.

The nature study of customs regulation in modern conditions has lead to the need for theoretical bases and practical recommendations for the implementation of an effective mechanism of the state economic security, because in the context of improving the challenges of globalization, characterized by a simultaneous increase of scales and expansion of geography of international trade and labor migration, openness of national economies, revitalize the integration processes, there is an increased influence on the economic system of the state and society threats in the external environment. The concept of “customs security” is defined at the doctrinal level by covering the scientific approaches to its interpretation, as well as its interpretation at the level of the current Ukrainian legislation. Particular attention is paid to the issues of codification of EU customs legislation. The legal status of The World Customs Organization (WCO) as an independent intergovernmental body and priority areas of activity under the Strategic Plan for the period 2019-2022 have been determined. Despite the implementation of further steps to harmonize Ukrainian customs law with the European, the creation of favorable business conditions for the subjects of foreign economic activity (FEA) justified the expediency of developing a concept of ensuring economic security in the sphere of FEA on the bases of balancing economic interests, which is based on the search for a compromise between the measures of control of revenue and fees to ensure economic security in the sphere of FEA and providing business simplifications taking into account the economic interests.

The nature study of customs regulation in modern conditions has lead to the need for theoretical bases and practical recommendations for the implementation of an effective mechanism of the state economic security, because in the context of improving the challenges of globalization, characterized by a simultaneous increase of scales and expansion of geography of international trade and labor migration, openness of national economies, revitalize the integration processes, there is an increased influence on the economic system of the state and society threats in the external environment. The concept of “customs security” is defined at the doctrinal level by covering the scientific approaches to its interpretation, as well as its interpretation at the level of the current Ukrainian legislation. Particular attention is paid to the issues of codification of EU customs legislation. The legal status of The World Customs Organization (WCO) as an independent intergovernmental body and priority areas of activity under the Strategic Plan for the period 2019-2022 have been determined. Despite the implementation of further steps to harmonize Ukrainian customs law with the European, the creation of favorable business conditions for the subjects of foreign economic activity (FEA) justified the expediency of developing a concept of ensuring economic security in the sphere of FEA on the bases of balancing economic interests, which is based on the search for a compromise between the measures of control of revenue and fees to ensure economic security in the sphere of FEA and providing business simplifications taking into account the economic interests.