Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation

Artificial intelligence is undergoing unprecedentedly rapid development, profoundly transforming all areas of human activity, including higher education. The aim of this article is to analyse selected policy and guidance documents concerning the use of generative artificial intelligence at higher education institutions in the Czech Republic. The analysis reveals that Czech public universities largely share a common approach to the use of artificial intelligence in learning and teaching: its use is permitted provided it is transparent, ethical, and treated as a supportive tool rather than a substitute for students’ own intellectual work. The article further presents two illustrative examples of institutional approaches to AI tools adopted by Czech universities. In conclusion, the paper summarises the main benefits and risks associated with the use of generative AI by students and formulates recommendations for its responsible and effective application in higher education.