Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues

The aim of this research is analyzing the audit expectation gap in Vietnam. The research result has identified that there are many differences between the auditors’ and the financial-statement users’ opinions about the auditors’ responsibilities. Most of research results about the auditors’ responsibilities show that the perception of financial-statement user regarding to auditors’ responsibilities has been higher than the auditors’, which is the reason for the wide audit expectation gap in Vietnam. Based on the research result, some reasons for the audit expectation gap are listed: the auditors have not fully performed their responsibilities based on the current regulations, the current standards on auditing have not been reasonable, and the most important reason is because the financial-statement users have high expectations (unrealistic expectations) of auditors’ responsibilities. Moreover, based on this research result, some related recommendations have been suggested and they are hoped to provide the useful references for the corporations, the government, auditors and fundraisers to enhance the quality of the financial statements and provide the useful information for the users.

The article reveals the role of modern information technologies in the accounting system. Features of transformation of accounting principles and functions in conditions of their application are considered. The special feature technical-technological development is cyclisity. Every technological cycle is characterized by the revolution and the existence of the leading sectors of economy. The types of computer information technology and economic problems in the context of technological cycles are investigated. Change in technological cycles leads to the transformation of the theory of accounting and its practical application. The development of the accounting system is increasingly directed at the creative professional judgment of experts under condition of the existence of and assumption on the polivariative approach to the choice of one or another method of presentation of information in the system. Such an approach to the selection of accounting estimates is possible in case the highly intelligent tools are present, such as the modern information systems. On the basis of statistical data, the authors prove that the use of information and communication technologies in enterprises of Ukraine is increasing year by year, in particular of cloud computing. The article investigates the place of Ukraine in the ranking according to the index of development of information and communication technologies among other countries of the world. Information systems and accounting technologies serve as a link between business activities and managers at all levels of decision-making. The authors suggest an intellectual cycle for the formation and implementation of enterprise strategy using modern global information resources, which are obtained from the use of modern information technologies with a strong intellectual potential. The prospects for the introduction of technologies of artificial intelligence, as one of the features of the sixth technological way, in accounting are revealed.

Achievement of high quality of accounting information in financial statements requires thorough adherence to generally accepted accounting principles. In connection with deferred tax, this concerns especially the prudence principle and the going concern principle. The deferred tax also has an impact on fiscal sustainability in any given country. The aim of this contribution is to evaluate how information about deferred tax is reported by small and medium sized enterprises in Czech Republic and evaluate quality of such reporting. The research was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey concerning recognition of deferred tax among accounting units which prepare their financial statements according to IFRS or according to Czech accounting standards. The entities that stated in the questionnaire that they recognize deferred tax were further analysed in more detail. The survey revealed that the standard does not take into consideration that small and medium-sized enterprises would not have to account for deferred tax. The research clearly showed the unwillingness of accounting entities to recognize deferred tax voluntarily.