Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues

Present research is developed in light of the farmland market establishment in Ukraine. Agriculture is one of the key sectors of national economy, which determine its development. Thus, the farmland users determine the transition of the national economy to sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is in developing a methodology for quantitative assessment demand quantity and price on farmland market in Ukraine. In the present research, we propose a methodology for estimating demand on agricultural land in Ukraine based on the operational data of the corporate agricultural producers and macroeconomic situation in the country. Using the discounted profit margins for the corporate agricultural producers, which operated in Ukraine in 2015, we estimate land price and demand quantity that is conditional on profitability of agricultural production towards to sustainability. As a result, we find that after establishing the land market in Ukraine, demand on the agricultural farmland is expected to be significant and is likely to generate substantial capital flows towards landowners. In addition, existence of the transferable land-property lights will make the land available for the collateral purposes. That is expected to enable Ukrainian corporate and private agricultural of any size to the improved access to capital. Specifically, this paper is amount the first one, where demand prices on the possible land market in Ukraine are estimated. Opening one third of the arable land area to the market (sample of the corporate agricultural producers covered by the research due to the data related limitations), agriculture may benefit with 30 to 50 billion euros of the capital investments.

In the modern socio-political reality, in the conditions of changing laws and reformation of the penal system, the economic optimization of activities of the establishments and bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia and its employees becomes especially topical. The purpose of the article is to study implementation of the leading experience and innovational technologies into the activities of the penal system as a factor of economic optimization of financial and human resources. In the process of the research, the general and specific scientific methods were used. The author provides the examples of using innovational technologies by employees of the penal system in the process of execution of punishments: systems of electronic document turnover, program, and technical complex of automatized filing of special squad, video surveillance in the penal system establishments, etc. The successful execution of the tasks of the penal system and economic optimization of its activities will be stimulates by implementation of the experience of foreign penitentiary systems (preferable use of the cell-prison system, consideration of architectural peculiarities of prisons for saving human resources and security of an establishment, practice of functioning of private prisons, creation of the genetic data base, etc.). The result of the performed analysis is determination of basic professional requirements set to the employees of the penal system who implement innovations and the conditions that stimulate economic optimization of expenditures in the sphere of human and financial resources of the penal system.

The article deals with the analysis of the Czech company Linet in an effort to reveal a sustainable business model. It describes the company in the historical context (birth and gradual development), the organizational context (infrastructure) and the innovation context (sources of innovation). The main aim of the article is to find out answers to questions how the company´s journey looked like from zero to the position of European leader in the hospital beds production and what prerequisites the company had to fulfil in order to create a creative culture and what are the imaginary seeds from which its innovations are growing. Fulfilling this goal required to search for literature sources dealing with innovation, innovation sources (opportunities windows), innovation process and innovation companies and also to create a case study that focused on the company´s innovation practice in years 1990-2016. The Linet study is based on six structured interviews with both the founder of the company as well as its current CEO. Research has shown that the company achieved rocket growth thanks to two basic principles, namely constant improvement and respect to people and market focus (openness to the outside world). These principles were applied in practice through controversial thinking, staff inexperience, learning infrastructure, learning and learnership. Openness to the outside world has been identified as an important source of innovation. This openness was ensured by systematic monitoring of the internal and external environment which consisted of staff testing, centres of excellence, patent scanning and the Academy of Productivity and Innovations. The results of the study have led to the conclusion that the company has achieved high innovative performance through ability of absorbing theoretical knowledge, applying it to its processes and principles and integrate it into a comprehensive system that responds to its needs (adapt).

Cooperatives have the potential to develop an economic, social and environmental activity in a sustainable manner. In particular, social management is aimed at meeting the needs of its partners, families and community in an efficient and effective way. A study of social management was carried out in 60 savings and credit cooperatives in Pichincha, Ecuador, to determine if this is carried out under sustainability principles, with the determination that the recognition of social responsibility and the integral management of the economic and social issues, depends on the segment to which they belong, in which the non-definition of the social budget has a negative influence. The ignorance of the partners about the principles of Cooperativism; the inexistence of Cooperative Education Committees, specifically environmental education and action programs; the lack of granting credits for partner undertakings and the non-application of the cooperative social balance sheet are also other issues that damage the correct functioning of these associative forms. There were recognized areas to be strengthened to guarantee the sustainability of cooperatives as an associative form, such as the definition of social objectives; the active participation of the partners in decision-making and of another two interest groups (families and community).

Institutional identity is probably seen as the best and the only effective way for dealing with the uncertainties of postmodern society. The theory of institutional identity as positive interaction and development of personal and social identities and the foundation of self-image and self-esteem is especially important in the context of military organization. Defining or redefining the identity and its role in contemporary society has become the priority for the scientist. Mutable character of postmodern identity and identities’ diversity put to inconvenience the traditional understanding of this phenomenon. The phenomenon of postmodern identity has brought some difficulties into creation of universal concept of institutional identity. Institutional identity of the Armed Forces is reasoned by the postmodern transformations of the society. Transformations in the Armed Forces (changes in mission, structure, woman’s role, etc.) have shifted traditional identity of the militaries toward contemporary society: i.e. it has become multidimensional and fragmented. The process of creation of institutional identity in the Armed Forces should be based on peculiarities of postmodern individuals: rational way of thinking and their self-esteem.

This article discusses the Ukrainian legislation on cybersecurity. The necessity of developing an efficient cybersecurity system was raised by the hybrid war conducted by Russia over the last few years, in which many critical infrastructure objects have been destroyed with serious consequences not only for the end consumers but also for the security of the state. Consequently, Ukraine has begun issuing a number of laws aiming at strengthening its cyber defense capabilities by establishing an efficient national cybersecurity system. The analysis has clearly shown that although important steps have already been taken in this direction, much still remains to be done to protect the Ukrainian critical infrastructure.

The scientific literature points out that cooperation increases the capability of an enterprise to engage in innovative activities. Besides, due to a change in the concept of regional development, much greater focus in growth in territories is placed on human capital, and the essential role of education and knowledge in innovation is stressed as well. Sustainable innovation is not only an economic category, and it mainly involves a social process where cooperation plays a great role. The research aim of the paper is to assess cooperation as a factor influencing sustainable innovation in the regional aspect based on the case of the bioeconomy industry in Latvia. The development of the bioeconomy represents transition from fossil to renewable sources, and it encompasses important industries of the economies of the regions of Latvia: forestry and agriculture. In Latvia, bioeconomy industry enterprises were quite cautious in their innovative activity and mainly focused on existing innovations that they adapted to their needs, and their innovative activity was observed only within their region. A positive fact is that most of the enterprises highly rated their cooperation with scientific and research institutions in developing innovations. The promotion of cooperation is one of the objectives that specialists of the Entrepreneurship Centres of the planning regions of Latvia have to deal with, yet their capacity is not sufficient for the promotion of cooperation among innovative enterprises in the region in the context of sustainability.

Each country has to be able to develop efficient economic policy, facilitating sustainable economic development of national economy. In order to devise such policy, development patterns of a country has to be known, external threats indicated and various scenarios of their impact has to be foreseen, their impact forecasted and discussed. Alas, in contemporary environment in conditions of globalization predicting of development peculiarities and external factors’ impact becomes especially urgent issue. Presented paper is devoted to discussion about predicted development selected national economies with account of threats caused by global environment. Economic indicators of Lithuania and Germany forested for period of three years, estimated, are being analyzed. The following methodology is applied. At first main macroeconomic indicators, such as real GDP growth, inflation, interest rates and unemployment ceteris paribus forecasted until year 2022 will be compared. The second, external threats will be selected and considered. Forecasted impact of indicated threats on real GDP growth of Lithuania and Germany will be discussed; source of employed data: database Passport, provided by Euromonitor International Company and powered by Clarivate Analytics (data are provided for research purposes for subscribed users). Change of real GDP growth in Lithuania and Germany under indicated threats pressure after one year period and three years period is juxtaposed. The findings suggest insights about development patterns of small comparatively less developed open economy and big well developed country belonging to the same economic union. Findings are instrumental for devising national economic policies enhancing resilience of national economies to external (global) threats.

In the tourist practice, the information support of tourism activities provides the comfort of tourist services and the attractiveness of the region enhances the motivation of consumers to visit this territory, which leads in the development of entrepreneurship. The development of tourism demand accelerates diversification in the economy creates new types of proposals in entrepreneurship. Non-governmental organizations in Kazakhstan, as well as all over the world, can play an active role in the promotion of regions, the individual settlements and the events. The latest advances of telecommunications, network organizations, the creation and processing of databases and e-marketing provide new business opportunities in the tourism sector. Therefore, the main sphere of changes and innovations in the sphere of tourism is connected with using of information and communication technologies. Kazakhstan with its unique natural resources and original culture of the nomadic people has a huge untapped potential for tourism development in the international and regional markets. Tourism as a type of business in the Republic of Kazakhstan is recognized as one of the priority branches of the economy at the state level. Modern trends in the development of the industry is consisted in the fact that tourists who have studied well the most famous resorts of the world are eager for those countries where the tourism sector is just beginning to develop. At the present stage of tourism development, Kazakhstan is becoming a more attractive country for lovers of extreme species and / or ethnographic tourism. The tourist potential of recreational resources, historical and cultural heritage may allow Kazakhstan to harmoniously integrate into the international tourist market. It can ensure stable employment and income growth, stimulate the development of related industries and lead to an increase in investment flows in the national economy.