Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues

News took wing recently, ISIS is responsible for the migration pressure afflicting the Western World, furthermore ISIS wants to send terrorists among the mass of immigrants into Europe and America, where they – as a “third column” – are going to carry out terrorist attacks, similar to 9/11, at the proper time. This news generated serious debates and emotions in the Western World. Some people say, the threat sould be taken seriously, others claims the ISIS is not able to carry out such well co-ordinated action, and the Western countries has to let in all of the immigrants indiscriminately, apart from the fact, if we are able to integrate them or not.

The article deals with the most dangerous topical issue related to the immediate safety of a person, society and the state as a whole - to technogenic terrorism. Technogenic terrorism represents an extremely complicated phenomenon in the social and legal environment of any state in the world and can have disastrous consequences for human security and for the world as a whole. This research focuses on the historical aspects of occurrence of hazard, it is analyzed individual objects of technosphere that carry potential danger, and it is defined the emergency essence as part of technogenic terrorism and it is provided their classification. Separately, it is focused on the technological safety state in Ukraine and finding of appropriate legal measures of counteractions to technogenic terrorism in Ukraine.

The duties of the police (to protect from criminal and other illegal threats life, health, rights and freedoms, property, and the interests of society and the State), requires the substantial financial resources to provide police operations. Nowadays, the police can be considered as a service institution, and the issue of the efficiency of the police work has become topical. The author’s research is focused on the multi-national problem of comparing of police efficiency issue. Selected set of countries are the following: Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Greece, Spain, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland, Sweden, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. The author’s research is based on the USA and the UK researchers’ studies, surveys of citizens, indicators derived from Eurostat data. The main conclusions of research are the following. The dynamics of the number of crimes recorded in the state, number of crimes recorded by the police per 100,000 residents, as well as the clearance rate cannot be the criteria to determine the efficiency of the police operations. In the situation when regulatory enactments of various countries do not state the same results to be achieved, the author proposes to establish satisfaction with the work of the police and the level of latent crime in the country as universal criteria for transnational comparison.

Lately a lot of attention has been given to legal regulation of cybersecurity. This article will review legal regulation of cybersecurity in Lithuania. Historical retrospective of legal regulation of cybersecurity in Lithuania will be discussed, strategic Lithuanian cybersecurity documents will be analysed, and the Law on Cybersecurity of the Republic of Lithuania will be analysed and evaluated. After a comparative analysis of cybersecurity strategies and laws and a review of legal regulation of cybersecurity in Lithuania, gaps of law-making and of other measures were distinguished, and corresponding conclusions were made. The adoption of the new Law on Cybersecurity, which regulates many important institutes, is evaluated positively. But with regard to the current legal regulation on cybersecurity in Lithuania additional measures are necessary (functions of institutions that formulate cybersecurity policy and perform control functions have not been detailed and distinguished, also functions of the Lithuanian national Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) are not foreseen in the Law on Cybersecurity, etc.).

The Žilina region is located in north-western Slovakia. Considering the amount of GDP, unemployment, employment and average wage, it belongs among the medium-performance regions in Slovakia. FDI is considered one of the factors promoting its sustainable development, economic performance and balancing regional differences. A positive aspect of FDI in terms of regional development is the fact that they contribute to an efficient allocation of resources, as investors are directing their investments in those regions where they expect the achievement of economies of scale. FDI began to increasingly flow to the Žilina region after 2004, in connection with the arrival of KIA Motors and establishing its subcontracting partners. The aim of this article is to point out the condition and development of economic performance and FDI in the Žilina region, and to demonstrate a causal relationship between FDI and the sustainable development of the region.

The article discusses the situation in Lithuania`s stock market, stock valuation methods and their applicability in the capital market. Stock market data reveals that it is still under the development phase and that determines that a few stock valuation methods can be applied for this Baltic country. Statistical data shows that the most suitable valuation methods according to current market conditions are discounted cash flow to equity and equity economic value added methods. These two methods and their variables were analyzed deeply in order to ensure correct, objective and precise valuation and contribute to sustainable development of valuation practice in Lithuania.

The aim of the presented paper is to examine how technology transfer is being approached in the latest scientific literature, and whether interrelations of technology transfer and sustainable development are being elaborated. Clusters in this context are perceived as networks (not necessarily proximate in geographic terms), which serve as technology transmittors. Efficiency of clusters is being addressed. The ultimate aim of the research is to develop framework, which would allow proceeding analysis of links between technology transfer phenomenon and sustainable development process.

The aim of this article is to analyse the essence of the harmonisation of public and private interests in the public service. The necessity of the harmonisation of public and private interests in the public service is based on the following features: civil service reliability and implementation of its purpose in order to guarantee the public interest; clear, binding standards of conduct applicable to all persons employed in the public service, regardless of their duties and career development nature; aim to prevent the emergence and spread of corruption in the public service; constitutional requirements for the implementation of public service. The article reveals that there are two key elements of a conflict of interest: 1) official duties that ensure the implementation of a public interest; 2) private interest which may negatively affect the performance of official duties. It follows that if a conflict of interest in the public service is not resolved or addressed properly, sooner or later it turns into corruption, and cause significant damage to the state itself. It is therefore very important timely identification, removal and management of the conflict of interest.

The demographic decline, economic uncertainty and high unemployment rate allow predicting the exit from the market the weakest privately run HEIs. The aim of the paper is to identify strategies that privately run HEI might pursuit in current high-velocity environment sustaining competitive advantages. Author applied the dynamic capabilities framework as a theoretical foundation and propounded four research questions. Having investigated the stage of Latvian privately run HEI industry consolidation, authors answered the first research question: what should be the cornerstone of a HEI long term strategic plan in current industry consolidation stage? Then authors conducted the survey of students’ opinions among different privately-run Latvian HEIs and answered second research question: what educational philosophies have been adopted by many privately run HEIs: customer or product oriented approach towards students? Next, the research paper identifies the necessity of product oriented approach and determined dynamic capabilities for such strategic move. Finally, authors answered on the forth research question: is it possible to develop and sustain the competitive advantage, pursuing international strategies by exploiting a HEI’s resource and capabilities? The paper has potential to generate a scholar’s discussions and might lead to further research.