Laser shock wave treatment is a newest effective tool for modifying material properties. Irradiation of materials with a laser in the Q-switched mode in different mediums can change the relief and surface structure of the irradiated material. Images of the surfaces of metallic materials under different irradiation conditions were obtained with the help of a scanning electron microscope. It is shown that the energy of the laser pulse and the transparent condensed medium through which the processing is carried out play an important role on the surface structuring. The possible causes of periodic relief are explained.