Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues

This paper develops an integrated analytical framework for assessing the environmental impacts of artillery activity on soil ecosystems. The approach combines military-technical parameters with environmental, spatial, and economic data using GIS and geostatistical methods. A key contribution is the Environmental Burden Index (EBI), which evaluates environmental load across five domains: chemical contamination, physical degradation, spatial distribution of impacts, ecological sensitivity and recovery complexity. The results demonstrate that environmental degradation arises from the interaction of multiple factors, particularly fire intensity, munition type, terrain morphology, and soil characteristics, rather than from isolated contamination indicators. The proposed framework enables objective comparison of affected sites, identification of remediation priorities, and supports decision-making processes in post-conflict recovery and sustainable land management.

The full-scale war against Ukraine has brought the issue of systemic environmental destruction to the forefront as a tool of modern armed conflict and has given new weight to the concept of ecocide in the context of national and international security. Large-scale damage to ecosystems, industrial facilities, water resources, energy and agricultural infrastructure demonstrates that environmental damage in wartime is not accidental, but structural in nature and causes long-term socio-economic and security consequences. The article considers ecocide as a multidimensional threat that affects environmental sustainability, public health, economic stability and regional security. The study analyzes the regulatory and institutional status of ecocide at the national and international levels. Special attention is paid to the criminalization of ecocide in Ukraine, the practices of recording and investigating environmental crimes in the context of military operations, as well as the problems of international criminal-legal qualification of large-scale environmental damage. The role of the UN system structure and international financial mechanisms in shaping the institutional response, supporting green reconstruction and restoring environmental sustainability is separately considered. The thesis is substantiated about the need to institutionalize ecocide as an element of the global safe architecture and strengthen international mechanisms of responsibility for military environmental damage.

The Russian Federation, with its plans to regain influence over former Soviet bloc countries, currently constitutes the main military danger for the EU and NATO. Because the war is so close to the EU’s borders, European allies have every reason to increase army financing instead of fuelling a transatlantic disagreement about burden sharing. This article deals with the question of whether the high strategic threat posed by Russia has increased military spending among European allies and decreased free-riding practices after 2014. To analyse this problem, we applied Spearman’s Rank Correlation test and then made a comparative analysis of 21 countries that are both EU and NATO members. Our results confirmed that European allies did not react in the same way to the Russian threat. We proved that strategic factors played a key role in the majority of Eastern European members of NATO, but not across Western European allies.

The article is devoted to the study of the state environmental security in national and globalization aspects. It has been established that the environmental security of the state is a status of every person’s security, society, state and nature from excessive danger to the environment, i.e. the preservation and protection of vital activity, individual’s interests and his environment from negative anthropogenic and natural consequences, which is an important component of the state security. It is established that together with the concept of “environmental security” there is a concept of “environmental modernization” as overcoming of negative impacts on environment from the industrial society by transformation of the latter with help of the latest technologies. The existing threats to Ukraine’s environmental security, identified in the National Security Strategy of Ukraine in 2015 have been determined. The need for additional attention to the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine was emphasized as one of the threats to the states’s economic security, which is in line with the provisions of the United Nations Resolution “Environmental Protection in Areas Affected by Armed Conflict”. It is noted that the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources only formally fulfills the task of assessing the environmental status, unlike Finland and Sweden. The issue of public participation of Ukraine in environmental management is still debatable, as defined by the Law of Ukraine “On Environmental Protection”, it remains only formal, although, for example, the public is actively involved in the management of this field in China. Accordingly, it was proposed not only compliting tasks by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources to develop a single list of indicators at EU level for assessing the environment status, but also to involve the public in full participation in environmental management.

In order to achieve the main objective – to facilitate the analysis of financial reports and assessment of company’s financial condition and activity, the analysis and modelling of usage of statistical methods becomes one of the tasks. The statistical analysis may also be treated as one of the main assessment modes of the company’s financial condition or activity, which can facilitate the work of analysts significantly. The conducted analysis of scientific literature allows stating that the usage of statistical methods in the assessment of company’s financial activity has not been widely analysed; besides, there are no assessment models, which would allow analysing the company’s finances sufficiently precisely and quickly. Thus the objective of the scientific research presented in this article is to identify and to define clearly the theoretical aspects of modelling of statistical methods within the context of financial analysis. Therefore it is meaningful to prepare a theoretical model of financial analysis with the help of statistical methods, on the basis of which the scientists, managers of the company or other interested persons would be able to conduct the company’s financial analysis sufficiently precisely and easily.