Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama Lietuvos kariuomenės raida nuo 1994 iki 2004 m., t. y. Lietuvos pasirengimo narystei Šiaurės Atlanto gynybiniame aljanse laikotarpiu.1994–2004 m. Lietuvos krašto apsaugos sistema ir Lietuvos kariuomenė siekė užtikrinti valstybės gynybą, todėl turėjo įgyvendinti du labai sudėtingus uždavinius – kurti ir plėtoti nacionalines karines pajėgas ir kartu parengti jas narystei NATO. Šie uždaviniai buvo grindžiami dviem skirtingomis paradigmomis – modernios ir postmodernios kariuomenės, kas lėmė staigias Lietuvos kariuomenės transformacijas ir jų vertinimo prieštaringumą. Tačiau, nors buvo daugybė sunkumų ir sudėtinga situacija šalyje, Lietuvos kariuomenė per dešimt metų sugebėjo sukurti valstybės karinius pajėgumus, kurie atitiko NATO partnerėms keliamus reikalavimus, ir kartu įvykdė jai iškeltą prioritetinę Lietuvos Respublikos nacionalinio saugumo ir gynybos politikos užduotį – Lietuva tapo Šiaurės Atlanto aljanso nare.

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas atkurtos Lietuvos Respublikos krašto apsaugos sistemos ginklų ir karo technikos įsigijimo 1990–2004 m. procesas, išskirti jo etapai, juos apibrėžiantys politiniai ir ekonominiai veiksniai, kilusios problemos, iššūkiai ir ypatumai. Tyrinėjama, kiek ir kokių ginklų būta Lietuvoje atkūrus nepriklausomybę ir kokią galimybę jais disponuoti turėjo atsikurianti Lietuvos Respublikos krašto apsauga, iš kokių šaltinių ir kokiu būdu jų buvo įsigyjama.

The article contains systematic principles, features and procedures for conducting information and psychological operations in NATO countries. The concepts of information operation (IO), psychological (information-psychological) operations (PSYOPS), strategic communications are defined, as well as their differences and functional relationships in the context of Ukrainian national perception of these processes.

The science article is dedicated to the actual problem reinforcement and reformation the system of information security in counties that relate to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The main threatens to country’s information security has been defined, the analytical grouping of problems by level of complexity and prognostication calamity have been made. The process algorithm for ensuring eternal operation of the information security system under the pressure of information threaten was elaborated. The critical components of NATO information infrastructure was well-defined.

Romania’s membership of NATO and the European Union has many advantages, but also risks for each of them. Romania continues to strengthen its position and role within NATO and the EU. Romania has shown that it is a loyal and credible partner in its relationship with all international organizations. Romania’s strategic documents with NATO and the EU are well structured and clear. These include mission, vision, strategic objectives and ways of cooperating with each other, as well as the financial, material, human and informational resources needed to implement them. The objective of our research was to identify the main threats, risks and vulnerabilities of Romania as a NATO member state. The analysis has led to the discovery of new ways of reducing risks and threats, as well as solving the major vulnerabilities of Romania. The research is based on the National Defense Strategy, the Romanian Armed Forces Endowment Plan for the period 2019-2028 and other strategic documents underpinning the development of the cooperation between Romania and NATO. Within the analysis process the main threats, risks and vulnerabilities of Romania in relation to NATO were identified. Based on the analysis carried out, several ways of action are proposed through which Romania can strengthen its defense and security capabilities. The results of the research are relevant both theoretically and practically because they show the major changes that Romania has made after entering NATO and the exceptional performances achieved both in the development of the defense and security capability and in fulfilling the commitments assumed by Romania with NATO and other organizations it belongs to.

The author presents a new European security environment after the “Cold War”, including not only the challenges and threats to the international security but also the essential conditions and problems of the European security evolution at the beginning of the 21st century. He shows the dynamic and constant changes taking place within the international environment and those related to the progress of civilization. Moreover, he stresses that current policy and security measures are not capable of effective action against having to appear before the new challenges and threats. Then the problem of unity and identity in the transatlantic relationship is taken. According to the author, in complicating sphere of the international conditions the role of multilateral institutions effectiveness in the international cooperation increases. Due to the increasing importance of interdependence and internationalization, European security challenges are European-wide and even transatlantic. Addressing them requires the preservation of unity that will be possible by strengthening common identity based on shared values and common interests.