Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

he possibility of creation of nanocoatings with hydrophobic or oleo phobic properties on textiles materials designated for protective suits with plasma-chemical procedures with the employment pf atmospheric plasma without vacuum has been verified. On four samples of selected textile materials without any additional modification (Ba, PES+Ba, PES+Ba+Nomex, Ba+Nomex) has been at the Masaryk´s University (MU) in Brno applied with a plasma nozzle with ten different ways nanocoatings based on siloxane (HMDSO, OMCTS) and nanoglass. Prepared samples have been assessed at the MU in Brno even from the behaviour against freely lying drops of the sulphur mustard point of view. At the Military Technical Institute of Protection (VTUO) some selected samples have been subsequently evaluated even from the behaviour of freely lying drops of sulphur mustard. Supposed behaviour of the Chemical Warfare Agent (CWA) of the VX type, sulphur mustard and Soman have been simulated within selected samples with observation of freely lying drops of the olive oil, nitrobenzene, and propanol with similar values of the surface tension as above-mentioned CWA. Founded values of contact angles have been compared with contacts values of contacts angles founded in the scope of two developed materials of the coating textiles for modernized filtration protective garment with classical hydrophobic or oleo phobic modification which have been provided with the company of B.O.I.S. – Filtry, Ltd. Within all samples the change of contact angles in time and also the homogeneity of the modification have been considered. The stability and mechanical sustainability of applied sets against washing has not been evaluated. It has been proved that with the help of plasma-chemical modification is possible to prepare nanocoatings even with ultra-hydrophobic (the contact angle for water is bigger than 150 °) and super oleo phobic (the contact angle for water is bigger than 136 °) properties on suitable textile materials. The best results, so called the effect of a lotus flower, have been reached mainly within two samples of textile materials contented a part of nomex fibes.

Important role in the implementation of a proactive approach represents operations dedicated to elimination of weapons of mass destruction. It is obvious that if trained and adequately equipped military forces carried out an operation to eliminate weapons of mass destruction, it significantly reduces the need to organize extensive CBRN defence measures for military forces or protection of civilians. Measures to implement the tasks of defence against weapons of mass destruction (CBRN defence) recently change. The security environment influences the perception and attitude of the Alliance to address global problems associated with state or non-state ownership of weapons of mass destruction. The focus of the Chemical Corps is gradually expanding from the current passive (reactive) approach to proactive approach.

The period in which countries around the world, including the Czech Republic, found themselves at the end of 2021 was characterized by a number of very significant political and security threats and risks. It was a period in which the next wave of the pandemic situation associated with the COVID-19 disease was manifesting itself. Even though the Czech Republic was already much better prepared for the problems associated with the outbreak of this disease, it could not be said that it was managing everything well, without problems and within the political consensus of all ruling and opposition parties. Based on results achieved in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic, which took place in October 2021, the priorities of the winning parties grouped into one government coalition were set. These priorities were presented in the form of a coalition agreement to the public. A paper deals with the anticipated intentions of the Government of the Czech Republic in its implementation for the 2021-2025 electoral period in the issues of safety and security in all aspects of their perception. Among the aspects examined were the areas of security policy implementation and the broader concept of population protection. In the paper, the terms “security” and “protection” are frequented in the number and form in which they appear in the text of the coalition agreement. The paper presents the occurrence of these terms in the documents that became the basic and initial documents for establishing mutual pre-election cooperation between political parties and movements. Last but not least, it also presents changes in the approach to these concepts in relation to coalition agreements concluded in 2013 and 2017. Other aspects of coalition agreements are deliberately not mentioned.

Nowadays, filtration barrier materials are more often used for providing with long-term protection of the Czech Armed Forces professionals and Fire Rescue Brigades specialists against the effects of toxic compounds. A comprehensive study provided authors with evaluation of their protective properties’ qualitative changes in connection with knowledge development of possibilities of sensor technologies at this time. A solution usable for an electronic detection of the moment of water permeation or a liquid phase of other test chemicals (penetration) through construction materials of a filtration type or permeable barrier materials which are or perspectively can be used for protection against the effects of toxic compounds has been recently proposed. The aim of the solution is to replace a current used subjective way of the visual observation of water or other test chemicals penetration through textile materials used in anti-gas protection with the objective observation of the moment of test chemicals permeation (time of drench) with the help of a conductivity sensor with a possibility of an automatic record of the rate of penetration with the employment of the KONDUKTOTEST device.

In the paper there are described main modernization trends of face masks. Main construction signs of the fourth-generation masks are introduced in an introductory part. The attention is devoted mainly to masks that can be ordered into a group of the fifth mask generation in further text. A description of development trends is demonstrated on main parts of the facial mask.