Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

The nature study of customs regulation in modern conditions has lead to the need for theoretical bases and practical recommendations for the implementation of an effective mechanism of the state economic security, because in the context of improving the challenges of globalization, characterized by a simultaneous increase of scales and expansion of geography of international trade and labor migration, openness of national economies, revitalize the integration processes, there is an increased influence on the economic system of the state and society threats in the external environment. The concept of “customs security” is defined at the doctrinal level by covering the scientific approaches to its interpretation, as well as its interpretation at the level of the current Ukrainian legislation. Particular attention is paid to the issues of codification of EU customs legislation. The legal status of The World Customs Organization (WCO) as an independent intergovernmental body and priority areas of activity under the Strategic Plan for the period 2019-2022 have been determined. Despite the implementation of further steps to harmonize Ukrainian customs law with the European, the creation of favorable business conditions for the subjects of foreign economic activity (FEA) justified the expediency of developing a concept of ensuring economic security in the sphere of FEA on the bases of balancing economic interests, which is based on the search for a compromise between the measures of control of revenue and fees to ensure economic security in the sphere of FEA and providing business simplifications taking into account the economic interests.

The article deals with the peculiarities of formation and enforcement of the national investment security in terms of distribution of investment flows and demand for investments. The global market for investment resources was analyzed and its impact on the investment needs and security of the individual countries was evaluated. At the methodical level, the interrelation and interdependence of components of national investment security were defined. Leading security indicators were identified and characterized taking into account investment risks factors. A Process model of the country’s investment security system was developed considering the risks and threats from the external environment and economic issues from the internal environment. The algorithm of complex assessment of the investment security of a country, based on the identification of stages and components of use of investments at the national level, was formed. A Model for evaluating the country’s individual investment security measures was developed.

The authors researched the functional peculiarities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in the context of ensuring the national economic security of the state. They provided the overview of scientific approaches to defining notions «border security» and «operational and service activities». The main regulatory documents, which were adopted depending on the period of functioning of the state law enforcement body to ensure inviolability of the state borders, have been indicated. The authors highlighted the essence of the operational and service activities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine by defining key functions of this law enforcement body and revealing the distinctive features of each of them. They also identified priority areas for the implementation of joint operations to provide border security under the Strategy of the Integrated Border Management for the period up to 2025. Particular attention was put to the rules of some regulatory documents of current Ukrainian legislation, which specify the peculiarities of operational and service activities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, the issues of structural construction of this law enforcement body, the formation of its personnel, etc. The article contains the results of operational and service activities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine according to the database of February 20, 2020. The means of ensuring the economic security of the national economy have been systematized by the customs of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, which allowed identifying existing threats in the field of foreign economic activity, generalizing the problems in the customs regulation system.

The authors investigated the features of the legal regulation of the functioning and organizational aspects of the activities of the authorities, the competence of which includes ensuring the security of the court, judges, and other participants of legal proceedings. Particular attention is paid to the intergovernmental body of the Council of Europe - The European Committee on Legal Co-operation (CDCJ), one of the activities of which is to ensure the proper functioning of the judiciary. The features of the general project between the CDCJ and Ukraine “Support for judicial reform in Ukraine (voluntary contribution)” are identified. The features of the activities of sheriffs in Canada and the USA, the regulatory documents of these countries, which determine the status and competence of the sheriffs in the field of judicial protection, are highlighted. The chronology of the establishment in Ukraine of the state system for protecting the court, judges, and other participants of legal proceedings, from 1997 to the present, is investigated. In the course of the study, the authors have been determined the individual stages of the establishment in Ukraine of the state system for protecting the court, judges, and other participants of legal proceedings; the competence of state bodies to ensure judicial protection and the legal basis for their activities, depending on the period of operation. The content of the norms of some regulatory legal acts of Ukrainian legislation, which regulates the activities of the bodies responsible for ensuring the security of the court, judges, and other participants of legal proceedings, is disclosed. The scheme of “gap” while elemental situational analysis of safety of participants in legal proceedings is examined. A matrix for ranking the factors of complex security of participants of judicial system and recommendations on development of public management in the area of legal and judicial security.

The article is dedicated to the research of legal and management aspects of intellectual property rights protection in the field of medicine and biotechnologies. The authors clarified the patenting peculiarities of inventions in the area of medicine and biotechnologies, particularly issues concerning applications for obtaining patents, the determination of intellectual property compliance with patentability requirements, the registration of granted patents in the relevant registry etc. They identified the legal and organizational aspects of intellectual property rights protection in the field of medicine and biotechnologies upon the study of the leading European countries experience (using the examples of the United Kingdom, Germany and France). One summarized the international experience in the protection of intellectual property rights in the field of medicine and biotechnologies and highlighted the regulation specifics of these issues according to the current Ukrainian legislation. In particular, the authors defined the requirements for the protection of intellectual property rights in the field of medicine and biotechnologies, which have been set out in legal documents at the international level. Recommendations for management organization and intellectual brand capital protection depending on specificity of national economic and legal model. Are offered. The mechanism of economic security management of a country for intellectual property right protection in the field of medicine and biotechnologies is created.

The nature study of customs regulation in modern conditions has lead to the need for theoretical bases and practical recommendations for the implementation of an effective mechanism of the state economic security, because in the context of improving the challenges of globalization, characterized by a simultaneous increase of scales and expansion of geography of international trade and labor migration, openness of national economies, revitalize the integration processes, there is an increased influence on the economic system of the state and society threats in the external environment. The concept of “customs security” is defined at the doctrinal level by covering the scientific approaches to its interpretation, as well as its interpretation at the level of the current Ukrainian legislation. Particular attention is paid to the issues of codification of EU customs legislation. The legal status of The World Customs Organization (WCO) as an independent intergovernmental body and priority areas of activity under the Strategic Plan for the period 2019-2022 have been determined. Despite the implementation of further steps to harmonize Ukrainian customs law with the European, the creation of favorable business conditions for the subjects of foreign economic activity (FEA) justified the expediency of developing a concept of ensuring economic security in the sphere of FEA on the bases of balancing economic interests, which is based on the search for a compromise between the measures of control of revenue and fees to ensure economic security in the sphere of FEA and providing business simplifications taking into account the economic interests.

The article investigates the specifics of the military-industrial complex functioning in Ukraine. Theoretical analysis has shown that the development of the country’s defense industry and the state of enterprise`s financial security within this industry have a dual impact on various components of the national security system: is a realization tool of the national interests, which in turn creates opportunities for its strengthening, and it can also be a source of threats to the state`s economic security by its components due to the accumulation of internal negative elements on enterprises (insufficient development and low level of military products competitiveness, obsolescence of fixed assets at enterprises, etc), as well as due to the low ability of enterprises to respond adequately to the challenges arising from changes in external conditions and factors (disruption of sustainable cooperation, increased competition between different military products in domestic and foreign markets, etc). The activity legal framework, legal status and structure of the state concern “Ukroboronprom” have been defined. The strategic growth priorities of defense industry of Ukraine have been cleared up. The financial security of enterprises operating in the defense industry can be ensured not only by using passive mechanisms to resist internal and external destructive factors, but also by mechanisms of efficient interaction with the environment. This in turn allows the company to avoid the need to invest capital in sources of raw materials, production or creation of distribution channels. Access to certain technologies or knowledge, the advantages of narrow specialization and the possibility of increasing consumer value, these all are important reasons for establishing strategic cooperation between different companies.

The article theoretically substantiates the methodological approaches and tools of comprehensive statistical analysis of labor migration, based on the principles of systematic research from the standpoint of integrity and integration of processes. This, in turn, allowed to identify the main elements and features that characterize labor migration, as the object of statistical research, as well as to carry out an objective analysis of the condition and development of this phenomenon at both national and regional levels. The role of statistical analysis of labor migration in the management system based on the analysis of the experience of developed countries was also determined. A conceptual approach in the field of state regulation of labor migration was proposed, which is based on the application of a systematic approach and compliance with its basic principles. The place of statistical assessment and monitoring of labor migration was established as one of the main tools for regulating the number of labor migrants from the standpoint of systematics. The results of the assessment of the procedures for acquiring citizenship and issuing permits for foreigners in Ukraine have been analyzed. Moreover, practical recommendations were provided based on a statistical analysis of the procedure for acquiring citizenship and issuing permits to foreigners in accordance with the principles of human rights and non-discrimination. Peculiarities of legal regulation regarding the migration processes in Ukraine were studied. The identified shortcomings and “gaps” in the legal field of Ukraine allow to form practical recommendations on the legal regulation of migration processes in accordance with the basic principles of European integration.

The study of synergistic laws and patterns made it possible to substantiate and explain the possibility of their transfer to the plane of the theory of management of economic security of the enterprise in order to develop tools for synergistic management of economic security of the enterprise. The definition of the concept of “economic security of the enterprise” is proposed, which represents the ability to resist it as an ectropic factor to the influence of threats to the environment, ie the supersystems (countries and industries) as an entropy factor, as well as ability to respond to threats in a coordinated way. An algorithm for substantiating the choice of strategies for managing the economic security of the enterprise has been developed; using this algorithm based on the detection of bifurcation points and their analysis, it is possible to identify the type of crisis and take into account the existence of the internal mechanism of development inherent in the economic security of the enterprise in a certain period - adaptation or bifurcation, according to which it is necessary to develop The paper emphasizes that a high level of economic security of the enterprise depends on the formation of synergistic effects, as well as on the ability to establish coherent or coordinated relationships that will lead to cooperative processes. Three types of synergetic effects resulting from management actions are considered: functional (this is a result equivalent to the sum of the component parts), positive (this is a result that exceeds the sum of the component parts) and negative (this is a result that is less than the sum of the component parts).

The authors have investigated the features of legal support for cybersecurity in some of the leading countries of the world, have established the organizational basis for its support, as well as the main aspects of NATO and the EU’s activities and standards in this area. In particular, the essence of the concept of cybersecurity is determined by referring to the views of both foreign scientists and Ukrainian scientists, and fixing this definition in normative documents of international importance (international standard ISO/IEC 27032:2012). Actual strategic goals in the direction of ensuring cybersecurity in countries such as France, the UK, the United States, as well as the settlement of these issues at the legislative level in Ukraine are highlighted. It has been established which state bodies operate in the indicated countries, whose powers include ensuring cybersecurity. Attention is paid to the settlement of cybersecurity and cyber protection issues at the international level, in particular at the EU and NATO levels. Particular attention is paid to NATO standards – TEMPEST. The content of the norms of the current legislation of Ukraine in the field of ensuring cybersecurity and the nature of the priority tasks of the National Cyber Security Coordination Center under the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine are disclosed, which are normatively enshrined in the relevant Regulation. The features of the regulatory and organizational support of cybersecurity in some leading countries of the world and in Ukraine are structured.