Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

Currently, Management Accounting has been interested many researchers, economists as well as Vietnamese enterprises. Management accounting provides useful information about such contents as cost classification and control, cost - volume - profit analysis, estimation, responsibility center analysis, information analysis, believe in making short and long term decisions, thereby helping internal managers make appropriate business decisions. Understand the importance of Management Accounting, the article presents some modern management tools used in management accounting such as: Cost-by-Activity (ABC) Determination, Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Cost accounting and cost management in a lean environment. Vietnam is on the way of applying International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the above issues of management accounting need to be considered. Through the view of manager awareness and external auditors. We use quantitative research methods based on synthesis analysis of available information from many various sources, interviews through questionnaires for 500 managers and auditors who are currently working in Vietnam in 2019. We figure out some factors influencing IFRS applying including but not limited to business features, accounting team ability, accounting framework, etc. Applying IFRS will need to go in parallel with enhancing management accounting practices in developing nations including Vietnam. There is not so much gap in perception of IFRS applicability among managers in enterprises and auditors, among different groups of people in working experience. Last but not least, this paper contributes to an overview of factors affecting the ability to apply the international accounting standards system in a developing country like Vietnam. At the same time demonstrate that this applicability is influenced by many different factors.

Transparency of financial accounting information in FDI firms will have certain impacts on enhancing responsibilities of FDI investments on society, income and environment. The research aimed to evaluate the association of disposable income and environmental pollution on the investments measured using FDI. The research was specific to the Vietnam compared to Indonesian economy. We use both qualitative and quantitative analysis. In Vietnam, qualitative analysis, synthesis, dialectical materialism and statistics explanation method were used. Then, The research was secondary quantitative and the data was accumulated from World Bank. The time frame considered for this study ranged from 1960 to 2018. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics, stationarity testing, ARDL assessment and Granger Causality have been used. The results unveiled that both disposable income and environmental pollution are found to have significant effect on the FDI of Vietnam and Indonesia. Moreover, the higher transparency level of financial accounting information in FDI firms, the higher CSR in term of business environment and society for FDI firms. We also propose some recommendations for enhancing financial accounting information transparency in Vietnam. For instance, FDIs firms need to increase transparency in financial statements, internal and external investor financial accounting reports, income distribution, tax and stakeholder payment obligations, internal price transfer policy, etc. Lat bu not least, the research is limited to 2 above countries and no other country has been evaluated. Therefore, in future more countries can be considered for comparative analysis. In furtherance, more factors can be considered in future that affect Vietnam and Indonesian FDI.

This paper examines the impact of ownership strategy on bank performance in Vietnam from 2000 to 2017. The results show that the ownership structure has a significant impact on bank performance, namely that state-owned banks are more efficient than private ones in terms of technical efficiency, but not in terms of scale efficiency. Furthermore, state-owned banks do not appear to be excellent at investment activities while provisions for credit losses are substantially high, which can negatively affect their performance. Listed banks may be more encouraged to implement activities which can increase bank performance, to make present stakeholders satisfied as well as to attract new ones. The larger the scale, the more efficient the listed banks will be. However, they will not achieve good results in terms of technical efficiency.

Organizations have to face both the opportunities that the technologies provide and the challenges that they create in the local or global market as the consumer behavior in the electronic environment is different from the behavior in an actual shop, therefore it is important to not only understand the changing needs of the customers, the factors that influence their behavior but also to choose suitable strategies while trying to satisfy these needs taking in consideration security issues. For this reason, an important purpose of this study is to indicate the factors that determine the behavior of an e-shop customer by conducting a pilot study in Lithuania. The research identified the key factors of consumer behavior in an e-shop. To establish factors determining the online shop customer preferences, five factor groups were identified on the basis of empirical research: product (service) characteristics, delivery, methods of payment, service quality and web page functionality characteristics. The results of the structured consumer survey showed that the factors that positively influence the decision to buy goods online are lower cost, less time consumption, an ability to make an order at any time of the day, and a larger range of products. The key factors that negatively affect the online shopping are product quality, delivery costs, security aspects, delivery time, and complicated online shopping process. The main problem areas faced by online shoppers were delays in product delivery, product quality, insufficient choice of payment methods, difficult return procedures, too little information about the product. After performing the correlation regression analysis of the structured survey, the following relationships are established: the frequency of online shopping is significantly correlated with the product’s compliance with expectations, which indicates that the customers who were satisfied with the quality of online products, more often shop on the Internet.

Currently, it has become generally accepted in the leading countries of the world to consider human capital as the basis of the state, society and the economy. In the modern post-industrial society of the leading states of the world, the life and creative potential, human abilities are the core of all socio-economic processes, this is especially relevant in the context of the globalization of the world economy and the free flow of any capital, including human capital, both inter- and in-country. Meanwhile, in Kazakhstan, human capital is perceived as something burdensome and unnecessary. In Kazakhstan society, it is still not customary to talk about the priority of the quality of human capital in the process of creating products. Separate studies of recent years unequivocally indicate that Kazakhstan as a whole and Kazakhstani enterprises in particular will soon face serious difficulties in the area of human resources. Managers of enterprises, both in the public and private sectors, relate to the creation of conditions for the development of the human capital of their employees as a waste of time and money. Such a position essentially reflects not only the low level of management culture, but also strategic mistakes in doing business in Kazakhstan. On this basis, for Kazakhstan, the trends in the development of human capital are of undoubted interest and have practical significance.

The use of social responsibility as a business management strategy was defined, from a theoretical point of view, was studied to determine its utility to the change of the productive matrix for Ecuador sustainability. A descriptive correlational research was carried out in four companies in the Pichincha province, demonstrating that there are significant differences in the integral performance of Corporate Social Responsibility regarding the change of the productive matrix; that the eight indicators that influence the most these differences were found. There was a positive correlation with the two indicators related to the change in the productive matrix, which provided empirical evidence that the companies that perform better in Social Responsibility have better conditions to develop the required production transformation.

The paper discusses the key factors that contribute to the successful „nurturing“ of inter-organizational relationships and evolving partnership activities in a pursuance of social innovations.

The aim of the present article is to investigate the role of sustainable innovation strategies on competitive advantages of Lithuanian biotechnology companies. The entire Lithuanian biotechnology market is targeted via the conduction of semi-structured qualitative interviews, consecutively carried out in 2011 and 2012. The methodological solution to introduce the time perspective in the research elucidates the importance of the sustainability in innovation processes as there could be the progress and the continuity in the implementation of innovation strategies observed among sample companies. There is the increasing number of discussions about innovations and the performance of organizations. The success of an innovative activity depends on the complex of human and financial resources, organizational, managerial, technical and other factors. Though competitive advantages cover a vast spectrum of aspects, they all are inter-related and dependent on a great number of factors and measures. The innovation strategy could help to reach target results and to provide a synergy effect. Main reasons for the creation and deployment of innovations should also be the increasing competition, rapidly evolving technology and changing consumers’ expectations. Such factors as the human capital emerges as the key driver of high-tech industries because people involved in innovative activities are characterized by their competencies, motivation and willingness to act in different circumstances. It should not be forgotten the importance of the continuity of innovation processes and long-term strategic directions. The research question: are sustainable innovation strategies necessary for competitive advantages of Lithuanian biotechnology companies? Firstly, there is the concept and classification of innovations presented; it is continued by the revelation of main features of innovation management and success factors of the commercialization of innovations. These chapters are followed by the identification of companies’ competitive advantages and the analysis of sustainable strategic human resource management. Finally, there are main characteristics of the biotechnology sector underlined and the research (2011 and 2012) results on a sustainable development of competitive advantages via the innovation strategy presented.

The aim of the present article is to examine parameters of product innovations that could lead to a successful expansion of international companies to the innovation-driven market. The case of the European mobile technology company in the Korean market is analyzed by introducing a market research method and demonstrating what sort of mobile phone could be designed for the South Korean youth. Companies often declare focusing on stronger marketing and sales efforts in one particular business area or geographical region via creating, testing and introducing a new product. The reasons for failures in foreign markets in many cases are related to the lack of knowledge of this region, wrong choice of the product as well as the incapability to choose a right innovation and expansion strategy. It should not be forgotten that a technological product innovation is more readily adopted by the firms that have a market penetration strategy and hope to gain a direct advantage over the competition. The level of technological intensity, user-friendliness, style, cultural aspects, loyalty to native products as well as the level of integration of customers and clients in innovation or marketing processes are important factors while expanding to foreign markets.