Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation

Leadership competence is a unique set of qualities, skills, knowledge and abilities attributed to specific social and professional groups. Cultural circumstances mean that societies in different countries may have different views on the nature, development opportunities and scope of leadership competences. There are also more and more differences occurring in the views resulting from generational differences. In addition, existing stereotypes in societies are constantly fuelled by media messages, which determines how the image of different formations, including soldiers, is assessed. Bearing in mind the complexity of the nature of leadership, different views of both theoreticians, practitioners and laymen in terms of leadership competence, or even the natural attribution of leadership competence to soldiers and the essence of leadership in the military environment, the author of the article has made efforts to show what kind of leadership competence is held by the soldiers in Poland in the opinion of representatives of the youngest generation (generation Z). This article is based on an in-depth analysis of the source literature (Polish and foreign) and the results of empirical research. Ascertainments and conclusions presented in the article confirm the conviction about the complexity of the nature of leadership, leadership competences, as well as the functioning of stereotypes in the society, which in a certain natural way determine the ways of thinking and the course of cognitive processes.

A set of criteria has been substantiated for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the functions of the mechanism for ensuring the leadership effectiveness of the managerial staff of enterprises. The set gives a chance to make a comprehensive evaluation of the integral indicator of human resource management. This makes it possible to determine the effectiveness level of human resource management. The study carried out allowed to propose a functional and structural approach that includes the following functions: analysis and planning of personnel, recruitment and selection of personnel, attestation and evaluation of personnel, organization of labor relations, motivational support, creation of working conditions, information provision, development and training of personnel. Under uncertainty, its application makes it possible to evaluate the impact of the effectiveness of the human resource management on the level of productivity of the studied enterprises.